Process for the coating of pervious material



I In Drawing.

Patented Nov. 6,1928.

[UNITE-D. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

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PROCESS FOR THE COATING O! FEBYIOUS My invention relates to processes for the treatment of fabrics and other pervious'materials and refers particularly to the treatment of such materials with the retention of softness and pliability.

It is frequently desirable to cover, or coat, pervious materials, as ,for instance woven fabrics, witha surface material for purposes of rendering them' water proof or fire proof or for decorative or other purposes.

The coating materials employed for this purposemaybelacquers,varnishes,cellulose or the fiber and tendency to reak down;the coat- 1 ing compound with the formation ofobjec .tionable products.

I have found that there are two general reasons for the reduction of the pliabili'ty of materials of the character described when they are coated, or covered, with the mentioned and similar coating compounds.

The one reason is the stiffness and nonpliability of the coating compound .itself,

which permeates the fabric, whether thematerial be passed through a solution of the *coating compoundor the solution be applied to the ordinary woven or pervious material.

' Thispositio'ning of the-coating compound thecoating compounds are'usually of such a com o T e other general reason for the production within the fabric and between and aroundthe fibers results in'material having the physical pro erties of the coatin compound to a lar e degi ee. This decreasegpliability of the fairic is still further enhanced byithe fact that nature as to adhere .to the fibers, thus producing a practically solid mass of the coating und with the fibers enclosed therein.

of coated goods ofless pliability than the original material is'ba'sed upon the fact that in' many coating operations, and especially and rics bein Applicatiox/flled Hay 28,1925. Serial 1Io.'88,686.

in those methods in which the fabric is immersed in a solution of the coating com ound, a proportion of the contained fiber oi s, fats and softenm agents is removed and in these cases the original pliability can not be regained by attempted replacement of the semoved products.

It is evident, therefore, method forcoating fabrics materials isthe retention ofthe original oils,- the non-saturation of the material with the that. the logical and other pervious coating compound and the employment of a pliable coating compound.

The process of. my invention possesses all of the last described desirable attributes, over- 310 comesall of the objectionablefeatutes incident to previously known methods, and produces a coated material possessing softness pliabilit'y. v All pervious materials have a plurality of openings theret'hrough, those in woven fabthe spaces between the several fibers. T ese openings have capillary attraction, the degree of capillarity being .depend@ ent upon the size of the openings, and it is through the medium of this capillary attrac-- tion that the solution of coating compounds is drawn, or carried, into the interiorlof the' fabric.

I overcome this objectionable feature by treatingthe material previous to coating in such a manner and by such means that the elements making up the material, as for instance I the fibers in woven fabrics, will swell, thus reducing the size of the openings, or intero stices, therein, and the same result can be accomplished if thetreating material is ofslrch' '.a character that it will fill up and hence close the openings, preventing a subsequently ap-' in. Further, the treating material may'be of such a character as to produce both of the foregoing described results. For purposes of simplicity of description, I refer to the foregoing treating materials in my pecificatio side of the fa ie with a solution of'a pliable coating material, as a solution containing 1,00 parts nitrocellulose to over 60 parts of tri cresylphosphatp, and dry. then wash the fabric in a solution of soap and water, or in a plied coating material from entering there- 9.5

. by the steps of my process.

solution of oil emulsified in water, to remove the glucose, and dry.

The treating material, as glucoseor the like,

. is applied to one side of the fabric as a film able coating at the other side, from going.

through.

I prefer to employ treating materials which are soluble in water or which can be removed by some other solvent. j

If desirable, I can apply steam, or noisture, to the uncoated side of the material in order to reproduce the original woven appearance upon the coated side. z

By after-treating the' material as used in m specification and claims, I meantreating t e coated material witha solvent of the treating material, with or without an oil or softening material, or with steam or moisture. I

By ,coating compounds and coating materials in my specification and claims, .I mean those products, either sin ly or in combination which can be applie to pervious materials and which become affixed thereto I do not limit myself to the particular materials, quantities, temperatures or steps of process particularly described, as these are given in order to clearly explain the process of my invention.

Reference may also be had to my co-pend- -ing application for patent, Serial No.'33,635, filed in conjunction with the present case, and in which a similar process for efieeting the results here'in obtained is set forth.

What I claim is 1. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, firstsubjecting only one side of said material to a treating step which closes or reduces the size of the interstices or pores thereof, and then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid com pounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like, which will remain pliablein the coatin and produce 'at said coated side a finishe surface retaining the pliability and appearance of the pervious material.

2. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting only one side of said. material to a treating step. -which closes or reduces the size of the interstices or pores thereof, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material compounds or mixtures,

of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid acquers, varnishes or the like, which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliabllity and appear- "ancejof the pervious material, andthen drying the coatedside of said treated material.

3. In a process 'for coating a pliable per 05 vions material, subjecting only one side of said material to a, treating step which closes or reduces the size of the interstices or pores thereof, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating solution which will remain pliable in the coating and which contains approximately 100 parts of nitrocellulose to over parts of tricresylphosphate, and then drying said coating solution to produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliability and appearance of the {pervious material.

4. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, subjecting one side of said material to a treating step which closes or reduces the size of the interstices or pores thereof, .treating the other side of said pervious ,material with a coating material of the'class 1 pervious material, drying said pliable coating material, after-treating the treated material by the application of steam or moisture, and again drying the treated material.

5. In a process for coating a pliable per- I vious material, applying glucose to one side of said material, treating the other side of said material-with acoating material of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid compounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like,'

which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliability and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coating material, after-treating the treated materia by the application of steam or moisture, and

again drying the treated material.

6. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, subjecting one side of the.

\material to a filling material of the class coni- 'prising glucose, or the like, which will close or reduce the size of the interstices or pores I of the pervious material, treating the other side of-said material witha coating solution which Will remain pliable in the coating and which contains approximately parts of nitrocellulose to over '60 parts of tricresylphosphate, drying said coatin solution, after-treating the treated materia to remove the first-mentionedfilling material, and again drying the treated material. I

7. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting one side of said material .to a filling material ofthe classcomprising glucose, or the like, which will close or reduce the size of the intersticesor pores of thepervious material, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid' com ounds or. mixtures, lacquers varnishes or t e like, which will remam pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliability and appearance of the pervious material, and then removing the first-mentioned filling material.

- .8. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting one side of said material to a filling material of the class comprising glucose, or the like, which will close or reduce the size of the'interstices or pores of the pervious material, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material of the-class" comprising cellulose, celluloid compounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like, which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliabilit-y and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coating, then removing the first-mentioned filling material, and again drying the treated material. v

9. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting one side of said material to a filling material of the class comprising glucose, or the like, which is solubleand will close or reduce the size of the interstices or pores of the pervious material, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material of the class comprising cellulose, .celluloid compounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like, which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliability and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coatlng, and then subjecting the treated material to the action of a solvent of the first-memtioned filling material.

10. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting one side of said material to a filling material'ofthe class comprising glucose, or the like, which is soluble and will close or reduce the size 'of the interstices or pores of the pervious material, then applying to the other side of said treated material a coating material of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid compounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like,

which will remain pliable. in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface.

retaining the pliability and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coating, then subjecting the treated material to the action of a solvent of the first-mentioned quers, varnishes or the like, which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface retaining the pliabi'lity and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coating, and then subjecting the uncoated side of the treated material to the action of a material for reproducing at that side the original appearance of the pervious material.

12. In a process for coating a pliable pervious material, first subjecting one side of said material to a filling material ofthe class comprising glucose, or the like, which is soluble and will close or reduce the size of the interstices or pores of the pervious material, then applying to the other side of said treated .material a coating material of the class comprising cellulose, celluloid compounds or mixtures, lacquers, varnishes or the like,

which will remain pliable in the coating and produce at said coated side a finished surface 'retainingthe pliability and appearance of the pervious material, drying said pliable coating, and then subjecting the treated and,

coated material to the action of a solvent of the first-mentioned fillin material.

In testimony whereo I have signed this specification.

' NORMAN E. OLIVER. 

